Sufism, Sufis, and Sufi Orders:  Sufism's Many Paths

Professor Alan Godlas, University of Georgia

Early Shaykhs  of Sufism :

Abu Nasr al-Sarraj (the saddle maker) (d. 378 / 988)

His name was Abu Nasr 'Abdallah ibn 'Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Sarraj.  He was the author of the Kitab al-Luma (The Book of Flashes).  Dhahabi stated "He heard [narrations] from Ja'far al-Khuldi (d. 348/959-60), Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Dawud al-Dinawari al-Duqqi ["Raqqi" in the published edition of the Tarikh al-islam seems to be an error] (d. 360/971), and Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Sa'ih [or al-Salimi as Nicholson suggests].  Among those who transmitted narrations on his authority were Abu Sa'id Muhammad ibn 'Ali al-Naqqash, 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Sarraj, and others."

Nicholson asserted that one of Sarraj's students, Abu 'l-Fadl ibn al-Hasan al-Sarakhsi, was the shaykh of the well-known Sufi shaykh, Abu Sa'id Abu l-Khayr.

Dhahabi noted, in a problematic passage that may have originally come from Sulami's lost Ta'rikh al-Sufiyah,that Sulami stated, "Abu Nasr [al-Sarraj] was from a family of ascetics [awlad al-zuhhad].  He was the manzur (Lane's Lexicon: a person or chief person whose bounty is hoped for) in his region in futuwwa(lit. magnanimity; also the name of early Sufi-like organizations) and was the expositor of the folk (lisan al-qawm),while seeking the support of the knowledge of Islamic law (ma'a al-istizhar bi-al-'ilm al-shari'a). And he is the last remnant (baqiyat)of their shaykhs today."  (Nicholson read this last sentence as "He is the legal scholar (faqih)of their shaykhs today" (Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam,351-380 AH, p. 625-26; Nicholson, Kitab al-Luma'p. III, V)

'Attar states that he died and was buried in Tus (which is about 15 miles from Mashhad), although another source states that he died in Nishapur.

'Attar noted that Sarraj said, "Love is a fire that has been lit within the breasts and hearts of the lovers.  It burns and turns to ashes everything but God" (Attar, Tadhkirat al-awliya',p. 639-40).


 

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Translations copyright©1988 by Dr. A. Godlas. Not for publication
in any media except by written permission of the translator.