Religion 1001: Judaism, Christianity, Islam

Dr. Carolyn Jones Medine, Associate Professor of Religion and in the Institute for African American Studies

E-mail: medine@uga.edu            Office Hours: M-F after class        Office: 19 Peabody Hall

Office Telephone: (706) 542-5356 (messages)

 

Course Description

This course will offer an introduction to the monotheistic religions originating in the West: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The course has three goals:

á       to provide knowledge about the origins, important figures, key ideas, and practices of the religion.

This will be assessed in the exams for which you will need to know names and terms and be able to explain the ways that the religions developed.

á       to develop an understanding of others who inhabit our planet and who are engaged in practices that are viable and vital.

 

Requirements

            Short Quizzes:                            50%                                                     

            In-class work:                             10%

            Assignments:                              40%

 

Grading scale:   93-100=A; 89-92.999=A-; 86-88.999=B+; 83-87.999=B; 79-80.999=B-; 76-78.999=C+

70-75.9999=C;  69 and lower: you need to talk to me! Quickly!

 

Texts (all available in the UGA bookstore)

Fisher, Living Religions (Western Traditions)

And any handouts that are on-line or given out in class.

 

Course Norms

á       You should come to class on time. You should bring whatever we are working on to class.  Otherwise, why are you here?

á       All work will be done on time.  The information in the course builds on each component, so late work is not acceptable and will not be accommodated.

á       QUIET: No newspapers, crunchy and otherwise noisy food, talking to others, etc.  You know how to behave.  If you are bothering me, you are bothering your classmates.  In other words, you should be focused on this class when you are here.  If you are not, you will be asked to leave.

This includes cutting off cell phones (no texting, please), pagers and beeping watches!

á       At times, we will be talking about things that are different and that may seem odd or weird to you, in tension with your beliefs and ideas.  Discomfort is to be handled with reflection, not with insult, indifference, and/or insolence.  In plain language, inappropriate language—verbal and body—will not be tolerated.

á       Respect is the order of the day—for your classmates, for the professor, and for the subject matter. 

á       Laptop computers are fine—until I catch someone checking e-mail, looking through the internet, or something like that. Then, all computers will be banned.

 

Honor Code

All academic work must meet the standards contained in ÒA Culture of Honesty.Ó Each student is responsible to inform himself or herself about those standards before performing any academic work.

 

Drop Policy

I will not automatically drop you from the course. If you want to withdraw, please initiate the process yourself.  I will assign a ÒWÓ until after the official midpoint withdrawal of October 14.

 

Brief Outline of the Course: Details will be announced in class: The course syllabus is a general plan for the course; deviations announced to the class by the instructor may be necessary.

 

May 13: Welcome and Introduction

I. Judaism: (READ Fisher, Judaism)

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/source/judaism.html

May 14: Judaism Background: Themes: Creation, Revelation,

Liberation

May 15: The Exodus, Moses: A Development in Understanding God

****QUIZ #1****

May 16: The Exodus and Moses; Israel in the New Land: Judges,

Monarchy and Messing Up

 

May 19: **** QUIZ#2*****

Discussion of prophecy:

Assignment: Read one of the books of the shorter prophets: Amos, Hosea, Joel, Jonah, Malachi, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, etc. and write about briefly to be shared:

a. prophetic call

b.     major theme(s)

c.      location in Israelite history: When does he write and what is going on?

May 20: Judaism in Exile

Assignment: Using the Judaism website above, or beliefnet.com, research one practice of Judaism around birth, rite of passage (movement from youth to adulthood) or death. Write a one-page summary to share in class.

How can a religion survive in diaspora?

 

Towards Modern Judaism

Assignment: Research to discuss one of the

following: Orthodox, Reform, or Conservative Judaism.

á       How does it define what Judaism is?

á       When did it begin?

á       How is it in tension and agreement with the other forms?

á       Where is it most practiced?

            **** QUIZ#3****

 

II. Christianity (Reading: Fisher, Christianity)

May 21: Alexander the Great and the creation of the Cosmopolis

Jesus: Life of Jesus and Jewish and Greco-Roman

Influences

JesusÕ life: Sacraments and the Liturgical Cycle

 

May 22: Gospels and Paul; Developments: Split of Eastern and

Western Church, Augustine, Monasticism, etc.

 

Assignment: Read PlinyÕs letter to the Emperor Trajan. List what clues you can find about the structure and practice of the early church. What does this document tell you about persecution?

 

May 23: Christianity: Reformation ****QUIZ #5****

Christian Denominations today

Reformation: Denominations, non-denominational churches, mega-churches, sects and cults, and their practices: Choose one Christian group to research. Write a one-page summary about the denomination, including:

á       its founder or how and why it got started

á       how it saw itself as different from Christian practices that came before

á       important practices or ideas in the denomination (key terms)

á       its status today

 

May 26: Memorial Day Holiday

III. Islam (Reading: Fisher, Islam)

May 27: Mohammed: The Life of the Prophet

The Five Pillars of Islam

Practices in Islam

            **** QUIZ #6****

The Quran and Its Importance: (handout)

May 28: Practices and Quran continued.

May 29: Modern Islam (film)

May 30: No class

 

 

June 2: No class

June 3:Islam: final things

Assignment:

            Look up on-line information about the city ofJerusalem.

á       Cite one reason it is important to each of the three monotheisms: What happened there? Where do you go to experience that now?

á       How do the monotheisms ÒshareÓ the city? What are the sites of tension and cooperation?

Thinking through the course: What do these religions share? Conflict about? Desire?

June 4: Final Quiz

 

Study Guide : Judaism

 

Difference between Judaism                                   Holidays: connect to themes

            And Christianity                                     Passover: matzah, bitter herbs,

            And Islam                                                                      charoset, salt water,

Patriarchs                                                                                   sanctified wine

Sumerians: Ur,  city-temple                                                           haggadah                                   

Tanakh                                                              Death: Shiva, Kaddish

Pentateuch

JEDP: characteristics of

 

Major Themes:                                                  Orthodox, Conservative, and

Creation: yetzer-tov                                                                      Reform Judaism

                Yetzer-hara

Liberation: Moses

Revelation: covenant

            Suzerein: structure of

            The three covenants

Redemption: Messiah

                        Shekinah

God

 

History:

Abraham

Ur of the Chaldees

El-Shaddai

Harran/Huran

Isaac and Ishmael

Moses

Pentateuch: Torah

Midian

Jethro

Zipporah

I AM WHO I AM

Distinction between YHWH

            And religion that comes before

Nature of the law: what it covers

Ark of the Covenant

Tabernacle

David (1020 BC)

Solomon (961-931BC)

Baal/Astarte (Ishtar)

El/Ashirat

Structure of Judges

 

Propehcy

Nebiim

Oracles, dream interpreters, divination

            ecstasy

Characteristics of (4)

Elijah

Be able to match or list concerns of the following

            Prophets:

Hosea

Isaiah

Jeremiah: Baruch

722 BC

586 BC

Nebuchadrezzar

 

Coping with Exile:

Sabbath: when is it? What happens?

            Challah

Synagogue

            Holy ark

            Menorah

            Star of David

Suffering Servant: Isaiah 53:3-6

New Literature: Psalms and other

            Wisdom literature

Kosher

Prayer: Kepah or Yarmulke

            Tallit

            Tefillin or phylacteries

Mezuzah

 

450 BC: Second Temple Judaism: Nehemiah and Ezra

Septuagint

Maccabees

 

Jewish Canon:                                                               Babylonian Talmud

TNK=Tankh: Torah, Nebiim, Kethubim                              rabbi

Midrash: halakah and haggadah

Hillel the Elder

Mishnah: Rabbi Meir and Rabbi Judah

Gemara

Jerusalem Talmud

 

 

I. Festivals and Holidays

 

Tishri

Rosh Hashanah

 

Our God and God of our Fathers, rule over the whole world in Your HonorÉand appear in your glorious might to all those who dwell in the civilization of our world, so that everything made will know that You made it, and every creature discern that You have created him, so that in all whose nostrils is breath may say, ÒThe Lord, the God of Israel is king, and his Kingdom extends over all.

 

From the beginning You made this, Your purpose known.

 

Yom Kippur

Days of Awe

 

Our God and God of our fathers, may our prayers come before You.  Do not hide yourself from our supplication, for we are not so arrogant as to say before you, ÒWe are righteous and have not sinned.Ó  We have sinned. We are guilt-laden, we have been faithless, we have robbed, we have committed iniquity, caused unrighteousness, have been presumptuousÉWe have counseled evil, scoffed, revolted, and blasphemed.

 

What shall we say before you who dwell on high? What shall we tell You who live in heavenÉNothing is concealed from You or hidden from Your eyes.  May it therefore be Your will to forgive us our sins, to pardon us for our iniquities, to grant remission for our transgressions.

 

O my God, before I was formed, I was nothing.  Now that I have been formed, it is as though I had not been formed, for I am dust in my life, more so after death.  Behold I am before You like a vessel filled with shame and confusion. May it be Your willÉthat I may no more sin, and forgive the sins I have already committed, in Your abundant passion.

 

On this day, sentence is passed upon countries, which to the sword and which to peace, which to famine and which to plenty, and each creature is judged today for life or death.  Who is not judged on this day? For the remembrance of every creature comes before You, each manÕs deeds and destiny, words and way.

 

Sukkot                          sukkah

Hanukkah

Purim                            Shavout

 

Moses Maimonides (1135-1204)                           Thirteen Principles of Faith

á       I firmly believe that the Creator, blessed be his name, is the Creator and Ruler of all created beings, and that he alone has made, does make, and ever will make all things.

á       I firmly believe that the Creator, blessed be his name is One; that there is no oneness in any form like his and that he alone was, is and ever will be our God.

á       Éis not corporeal; that no bodily accidents apply to him; and that there exists nothing whatever that resembles him.

á       Éwas the first and will be the last.

á       Éis the only one to whom it is proper to address our prayers, and that we must not pray to anyone else.

á       I firmly believe that all the words of the Prophets are true.

á       I firmly believe that the prophecy of Moses our teacher, may he rest in peace, was true; and that he was the chief of the prophets, both of those who preceded and those that followed him.

á       I firmly believe that the whole Torah which we now possess is the same which was given to Moses, our teacher, may he rest in peace.

á       I firmly believe that this Torah will not be changed, and that there will be no other Torah given by the Creator, blessed be his name.

á       I firmly believe that the Creator, blessed be his name, knows all the actions and thoughts of human beings, as it is said: ÒIt is he who fashions the hearts of them all, he who notes all their deeds.Ó

á       Érewards those who keep  his commands and punishes those who transgress his commands.

á       I firmly believe that there will be a revival of the dead at a time which will please the Creator, blessed and exalted be his name forever and ever.

 

 Christianity

 

Mark 8. 27                                                                     INRI

450 BC                                                             Caiphas

Alexander the Great                                                          Pilate

Features of Hellenistic Culture                               Garden of Gethsemane

                        Koine                                                    Barabbas

                        Ocumene                                               

31 BC: Battle of Actium                                      Crucifixion and Resurrection

Octavian/Augustus

Jesus-Jehoshua-Jeshua                                          James/Peter/Paul

Nazareth in Galilee                                                           Catholic

                                                                                    Constantine: 313: Edict of Milan

 

Liturgical Year

Advent

Christmas

Epiphany

Easter: Lent, Shrove Tuesday, Ash Wednesday, Palm Sunday,

            Maundy Thursday (mandatum), Good Friday, Passion, Easter, Resurrection

Eggs, rabbits

Pentecost

 

JesusÕ World                                                    

Jewish: Zealots,

Essenes, Pharisees,                                             

Sadducees                                                                      Pliny the Younger to Trajan

Essenes: Qumran, Manual of

            Discipline, War Rule,                               Themes of the Gospels

John the Baptist                                                              and terms

Hellenistic:

Neo-Platonic Dualism                                          Early Church

            Synoptic                                                            Peter and James

            Obversio/Conversio                                 Paul                 

Stoicism: Logos/logai                                          PaulÕs themes

Cynicism                                                                       Antioch

Mystery Religions                                               Ephesus

            Cybele, Mithra,                                       66 ADˆ 70AD

            Eleusis, Isis and Osiris

            Structure of                                            Sermon On the Mount

Healers and Protectors                                          Structure: Antitheses, etc.

Gnosticism                                                                     Council of Jamnia

                                                                                    Simeon the Just

JesusÕ Life (4BCE-31CE)                          Kerygma/Didache

Herod

Tekton                                                              

Bethlehem

Cepharos

Themes of teaching (3)

John the Baptist

Caesarea Phillipi

Moses and Elijah

Passover: colt or ass

Mount of Olives

ÒCleansing of the TempleÓ

 

Developments

A. Monasticism: St. Anthony of Korma, Benedictines

St. Jerome, the Vulgate

B. Augustine and themes: Confession

C. Split of the Eastern and Western Church

Constantinople, 325

Council of Nicea, Arius,

Nicean Creed

450 Chalcedon,

1024 AD.

Patriarch, icons (iconostasis), Philokalia

D. Reformation