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CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES USES AND EFFECTS
| NARCOTICS |
|
Dependence |
|
Duration |
|
Possible Effects |
|
Effect of Overdose (hours) |
|
| Opium |
|
High |
|
3-6 |
|
Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea. |
|
Slow and shallow breathing, Clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death. |
| Morphine |
|
High |
|
3-6 |
|
Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea. |
|
Slow and shallow breathing, Clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death. |
| Codeine |
|
Moderate |
|
3-6 |
|
Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea. |
|
Slow and shallow breathing, Clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death. |
| Heroin |
|
High |
|
3-6 |
|
Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea. |
|
Slow and shallow breathing, Clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death. |
| Hydromorphone |
|
High |
|
3-6 |
|
Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea. |
|
Slow and shallow breathing, Clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death. |
| Meperidine |
|
High |
|
3-6 |
|
Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea. |
|
Slow and shallow breathing, Clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death. |
| Methadone |
|
High |
|
12-24 |
|
Euphoria, drowsiness, respiratory depression, constricted pupils, nausea. |
|
Slow and shallow breathing, Clammy skin, convulsions, coma, possible death. |
|
| DEPRESSANTS |
|
Dependence |
|
Duration |
|
Possible Effects |
|
Effect of Overdose (hours) |
|
| Chloral Hydrate |
|
Moderate |
|
5-8 |
|
Slurred speech, disorientation, drunken behavior without odor of alcohol. |
|
Shallow respiration, clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death. |
| Barbiturates |
|
High-Mod |
|
1-16 |
|
Slurred speech, disorientation, drunken behavior without odor of alcohol. |
|
Shallow respiration, clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death. |
| Benzodiazepines |
|
Low |
|
4-8 |
|
Slurred speech, disorientation, drunken behavior without odor of alcohol. |
|
Shallow respiration, clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death. |
| Methaqualone |
|
High |
|
4-8 |
|
Slurred speech, disorientation, drunken behavior without odor of alcohol. |
|
Shallow respiration, clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death. |
| Glutethimide |
|
High |
|
4-8 |
|
Slurred speech, disorientation, drunken behavior without odor of alcohol. |
|
Shallow respiration, clammy skin, dilated pupils, weak and rapid pulse, coma, possible death. |
|
| STIMULANTS |
|
Dependence |
|
Duration |
|
Possible Effects |
|
Effect of Overdose (hours) |
|
| Cocaine |
|
High |
|
1-2 |
|
Increased alertness, excitation, euphoria, increased pulse rate and blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite. |
|
Agitation, increase in body temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, possible death. |
| Amphetamines |
|
High-Mod |
|
2-4 |
|
Increased alertness, excitation, euphoria, increased pulse rate and blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite. |
|
Agitation, increase in body temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, possible death. |
| Phenmetrazine |
|
High |
|
2-4 |
|
Increased alertness, excitation, euphoria, increased pulse rate and blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite. |
|
Agitation, increase in body temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, possible death. |
| Methylphenidate |
|
Moderate |
|
2-4 |
|
Increased alertness, excitation, euphoria, increased pulse rate and blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite. |
|
Agitation, increase in body temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, possible death. |
|
| HALLUCINOGENS |
|
Dependence |
|
Duration |
|
Possible Effects |
|
Effect of Overdose (hours) |
|
| LSD |
|
Unknown |
|
8-12 |
|
Illusions and hallucinations, poor perception of time and distance. |
|
Longer, more intense "trip" episodes, psychosis, possible death. |
| Mescaline and Peyote |
|
Unknown |
|
8-12 |
|
Illusions and hallucinations, poor perception of time and distance. |
|
Longer, more intense "trip" episodes, psychosis, possible death. |
| Amphetamine |
|
Unknown |
|
Variable |
|
Illusions and hallucinations, poor perception of time and distance. |
|
Longer, more intense "trip" episodes, psychosis, possible death. |
| Phencyclidine (PCP) |
|
High |
|
Days |
|
Illusions and hallucinations, poor perception of time and distance. |
|
Longer, more intense "trip" episodes, psychosis, possible death. |
| Phencyclidine Analogues |
|
High |
|
Days |
|
Illusions and hallucinations, poor perception of time and distance. |
|
Longer, more intense "trip" episodes, psychosis, possible death. |
|
| CANNABIS |
|
Dependence |
|
Duration |
|
Possible Effects |
|
Effect of Overdose (hours) |
|
| Marijuana |
|
Moderate |
|
2-4 |
|
Euphoria, relaxed inhibitions, increased appetite, disoriented behavior. |
|
Fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis. |
| Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) |
|
Moderate |
|
2-4 |
|
Euphoria, relaxed inhibitions, increased appetite, disoriented behavior. |
|
Fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis. |
| Hashish |
|
Moderate |
|
2-4 |
|
Euphoria, relaxed inhibitions, increased appetite, disoriented behavior. |
|
Fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis. |
| Hashish Oil |
|
Moderate |
|
2-4 |
|
Euphoria, relaxed inhibitions, increased appetite, disoriented behavior. |
|
Fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis. |
| SOURCE: U.S. Department of Justice, DEA / Last Update: 02/16/98 |
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