| Aphids are sucking insects in the order Homoptera; aphids are small, soft-bodied, pearl-shaped insects that have a pair of cornicles (wax-secreting tubes) projecting out from the fifth or sixth abdominal segment. Aphids are various colors including black, green, red, yellow, pink, white, brown, grayish, or lavender. The life cycle of an aphid is complicated. Over wintering eggs hatch in the spring into wingless females. These wingless females are parthenogenetic; they reproduce without fertilization and hold eggs in their bodies to give birth to living young. Their offspring are similar to the females, but some develop wings. Near autumn male and female wingless forms are born. These mate and the females lay fertilized eggs for over wintering. Males can be winged or wingless and parthenogenic females are usually wingless. In warm climates, living young may be produced continually with no over wintering egg stage. All stages can cause damage. |
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Bean Aphid (Aphis fabae): Young nymphs are small, green, and white-spotted; wingless females and winged adults range from dark green to black.
Brown Ambrosia Aphid (Uroleucon ambrosiae): Adults are medium to large in size, broadly spindle shaped, red-brown to dark brown or dull red, and have black cornicles.
Buckthorn Aphid (Aphis nasturtii): Wingless females and winged adults are bright yellowish green.
Cabbage or Turnip Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae): This aphid is small to medium sized, yellowish-green, gray-green, or olive-green, and covered with a white wax. Wingless females have a green abdomen and dusky wing veins. This aphid can transmit the cauliflower mosaic virus and turnip mosaic virus.
Corn Root Aphid (Aphis maidiradicis): Wingless females and winged adults are bluish-green and about the size of pinheads; this aphid is almost always associated with ants.
Corn Leaf Aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis): Wingless females and winged adults are soft-bodied, bluish-green, about the size of pinheads, and are usually most abundant in the curl of the plant or on the developing tassel.
Cowpea Aphid (Aphis craccivora): Adults are small, shiny black, and have white legs. The nymphs are salty gray and slightly dusted with wax.
Cresentmarked Lily Aphid (Neomyzus circumflexes): Adults are yellow and have a black U-shaped patch on the back.
English Grain Aphid (Macrosiphum avenae): Wingless Females are pale green with long black antennae and have a long black cornicle extending backward from each side of the abdomen. Winged individuals are similar in size and color to the wingless females, but the lobes on the thorax are brown or blackish; the wings have an expanse of around 1/4 inch.
Foxglove Aphid (Aulacorthum solani): Wingless females and winged adults are whitish-green or yellow, shiny, have a bright green or rust colored spot at the base of each cornicle, have a dark brown head and thorax, and have a pattern of transverse dark bars on the dorsal abdomen.
Goldenglow Aphid (Dactynotus rudbeckiae): Adults are bright red, around 1/6 inch long, and have long legs.
Greenbug Aphid (Schizaphis graminum): Wingless females are pale-green, about 1/16 inch long, and have a dark-green stripe down their back. Winged individuals are slightly larger than wingless females and have filmy wings; the heads on winged individuals are brownish-yellow and there are blackish lobes on the back of the thorax.
Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae): Nymphs are pale yellowish-green and have three dark lines on the back of the abdomen. Wingless females and winged individuals are pale green or pinkish and around 1/12 inch long. This is the most important aphid in virus transmission; this aphid can transmit over 100 plant viruses.
Honeysuckle and Parsnip Aphid (Hyadaphis foeniculi): Winged adults are small, grayish-green with dark legs, antennae, and cornicles; the body of the aphid is covered with a fine white wax. Wingless females have a green abdomen that is mottled with darker green; furthermore, a dark green patch can be seen at the base of each cornicle.
Leafcurl Plum Aphid (Brachycaudus helichrysi): Adults are small, shiny, and various colors including green, pale yellow, brown, brownish-green, brownish-yellow, or white. This aphid can transmit the cucumber mosaic virus.
Lettuce Root Aphid (Pemphigus bursarius): Winged adults are elongate oval, yellowish-white, and have white wax on the posterior part of the abdomen. Wingless females have a brownish-orange abdomen.
Melon Aphid (Aphis gossypii): Adults are various colors including tan, green, brown, or black and of various sizes.
Mint Aphid (Ovatus crataegarius): Adults are small, oval, and yellowish-green to green. Wingless females are much longer than the winged individuals and have a green abdomen without any black dorsal markings.
Oleaster Thistle or Artichoke Aphid (Capitophorus elaeagni): Adults are small to medium sized, pale greenish-white to yellowish-green, have pale appendages, and long dusky cornicles. Wingless females have a rectangular black dorsal abdominal patch.
Onion Aphid (Neotoxoptera formosana): Wingless females are oval, small to medium sized, purplish-red to almost black, have black antennae, and the cornicles are dark but paler than the body of the insect. Winged adults are dark red to black with the veins in the wings heavily black-bordered.
Pea Aphid (Macrosiphum pisi): Wingless females and winged adults are small, greenish, long legged, around 1/6 inch long, and have two slender tubes projecting out from the body near the tip of the abdomen.
Potato Aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae): Wingless females and winged adults are of a clear green or pink color, around 1/8 inch long, and have long slender cornicles. Eyes are distinctly reddish.
Rusty Plum Aphid (Hysteroneura setariae): This aphid is small, brown, and has dark cornicles; wingless females have a greenish-gray abdomen. These aphids are often associated with ants. this aphid can transmit the onion yellow dwarf virus, watermelon mosaic virus, and cucumber mosaic virus.
Shallot Aphid (Myzus ascalonicus): Winged adults are shiny greenish-brown, straw colored or yellow and most appendages are pale. Wingless females have a black dorsal abdominal patch and dark cornicles.
Solanum Root Aphid (Smynthurodes betae): Adults are small to medium sized, almost globular, pale pinkish-yellow with a brown head and appendages; fine hairs cover the entire insect.
Sugarbeet Root Aphid (Pemphigus betae): Wingless females and winged adults are yellow and have a mass of fine cottony-like waxy threads near the end of the body, so as to appear like white mold on the roots.
Tulip Bulb Aphid (Dysaphis tulipae) Wingless females have a pale yellowish-gray or pinkish abdomen with a central black dorsal patch and black cornicles. Winged adults are pale yellow, gray or pink with dark cornicles and appear white due to a covering of white wax.
Western Aster Root Aphid (Aphis armoraciae): Adults are pale green to olive green with a broken pattern of transverse dorsal dark bands; this aphid can transmit mosaic viruses of cauliflower, celery, and beet.
White Aster Root Aphid (Prociphilus erigeronensis):
Adults are medium sized, oval, white to pale yellow with a darker head
and appendages; adults also secrete a white wax and are usually associated
with ants. Wingless females have a brown head and thorax and a greenish-yellow
abdomen.